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| Jesse Shapiro Person1 #679756 Jesse Shapiro is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at McGill University. Jesse’s research uses genomics to understand the ecology and evolution of microbes, ranging from freshwater bacterioplankton to the human gut microbiome. His work has helped elucidate the origins of bacterial species, leading to a more unified species concept across domains of life, and has developed genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods tailored for bacteria. | - He is particularly interested in pathogen evolution, and their evolution within patients, and interactions with members of the resident microbiome.
- His laboratory currently has projects on the ecology and evolution of toxic cyanobacterial blooms, cholera infections, and antimicrobial resistance, among others.
- Jesse Shapiro did his undergrad in Biology at McGill, followed by an MSc in Integrative Bioscience at Oxford. He then completed a PhD in Computational and Systems Biology at MIT with Eric Alm, where he developed methods to detect signatures of natural selection, recombination, and speciation in bacterial genomes. He went on to a postdoc with Pardis Sabeti at the Broad Institute and Harvard University, where he studied the evolutionary genomics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Lassa virus.
- After seven years as Canada Research Chair in Microbial Evolutionary Genomics at Université de Montréal, he returned to McGill as an associate professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Genome Centre.
Tags: B. Jessie Shapiro | | Edit details | | Page view | Show >>Citations3Comments0HistoryInfo<< Hide |
CitationsAdd new citationList by: CiterankMap Link[2] Zooanthroponotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and host-specific viral mutations revealed by genome-wide phylogenetic analysis
Author: Sana Naderi, Peter E Chen, Carmen Lia Murall, Raphael Poujol, Susanne Kraemer, Bradley S Pickering, Selena M Sagan, B Jesse Shapiro
Publication date: 4 April 2023
Publication info: eLife, 4 April 2023
Cited by: David Price 4:50 PM 16 November 2023 GMT
Citerank: (2) 701020CANMOD – PublicationsPublications by CANMOD Members144B5ACA0, 715351Sana NaderiSana is a PhD student in the Shapiro Lab in the McGill Genome Center and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at McGill University.10019D3ABAB
URL:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.83685
| | Excerpt / Summary [eLife, 4 April 2023]
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a generalist virus, infecting and evolving in numerous mammals, including captive and companion animals, free-ranging wildlife, and humans. Transmission among non-human species poses a risk for the establishment of SARS-CoV-2 reservoirs, makes eradication difficult, and provides the virus with opportunities for new evolutionary trajectories, including the selection of adaptive mutations and the emergence of new variant lineages. Here, we use publicly available viral genome sequences and phylogenetic analysis to systematically investigate the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between human and non-human species and to identify mutations associated with each species. We found the highest frequency of animal-to-human transmission from mink, compared with lower transmission from other sampled species (cat, dog, and deer). Although inferred transmission events could be limited by sampling biases, our results provide a useful baseline for further studies. Using genome-wide association studies, no single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were significantly associated with cats and dogs, potentially due to small sample sizes. However, we identified three SNVs statistically associated with mink and 26 with deer. Of these SNVs, approx ⅔ were plausibly introduced into these animal species from local human populations, while the remaining approx ⅓ were more likely derived in animal populations and are thus top candidates for experimental studies of species-specific adaptation. Together, our results highlight the importance of studying animal-associated SARS-CoV-2 mutations to assess their potential impact on human and animal health. |
Link[3] Selection for immune evasion in SARS-CoV-2 revealed by high-resolution epitope mapping and sequence analysis
Author: Arnaud N’Guessan, Senthilkumar Kailasam, Fatima Mostefai, Raphaël Poujol, Jean-Christophe Grenier, Nailya Ismailova, Paola Contini, Raffaele De Palma, Carsten Haber, Volker Stadler, Guillaume Bourque, Julie G. Hussin, B. Jesse Shapiro, Jörg H. Fritz, Ciriaco A. Piccirillo
Publication date: 13 July 2023
Publication info: iScience, VOLUME 26, ISSUE 8, 107394, AUGUST 18, 2023
Cited by: David Price 4:51 PM 16 November 2023 GMT
Citerank: (1) 701020CANMOD – PublicationsPublications by CANMOD Members144B5ACA0
URL:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.107394
| | Excerpt / Summary [iScience, 13 July 2023]
Here, we exploit a deep serological profiling strategy coupled with an integrated, computational framework for the analysis of SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune responses. Applying a high-density peptide array (HDPA) spanning the entire proteomes of SARS-CoV-2 and endemic human coronaviruses allowed identification of B cell epitopes and relate them to their evolutionary and structural properties. We identify hotspots of pre-existing immunity and identify cross-reactive epitopes that contribute to increasing the overall humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Using a public dataset of over 38,000 viral genomes from the early phase of the pandemic, capturing both inter- and within-host genetic viral diversity, we determined the evolutionary profile of epitopes and the differences across proteins, waves, and SARS-CoV-2 variants. Lastly, we show that mutations in spike and nucleocapsid epitopes are under stronger selection between than within patients, suggesting that most of the selective pressure for immune evasion occurs upon transmission between hosts. |
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