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2-3 国と自治体の役割分担および連携
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1
#671449
現在、原子力に関しては多くの点で国中心の体制となっている。JCOのような事故が起きた場合、地方自治体は何よりも地域住民の安全生命に対して責任があるのだから、国と地方自治体の役割分担について考え直す必要がある。
日本の防災対策の基本的な考え方は、地方自治体が計画を立て、国は助言する立場であった。原子力については、この役割の妥当性は長く議論されており、国と自治体は協調して考えようという方向になりつつあった。その後JCO事故が発生し、原子力災害対策特別措置法で国の責任が基本となり、自治体は具体的な計画作成に対し責任を持つことになった。今回、国、自治体、事業者の役割分担の枠組ができたが、魂を入れるのは今後の課題である。
県の防災マニュアルの中で、燃料加工施設での臨界事故は想定外であり、対応の必要は無いとされているが、これは思い込みである。このような危機管理、防災対策について、そもそも仮想事故の設定に問題があったと思う。
東京の関係省庁には情報がうまく伝わっていなかった。現地の日本原子力研究所や核燃料サイクル開発機構は状況を把握できたが、東京との意志疎通ができていないようであった。通信手段が良くなっても、この問題は解決せず、結局その場に責任者がいないと的確な状況認識は難しい。
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