• Policy inconsistency and administrative dislocations of the federal departments in charge of the various programmes.

• Inability to sustain funding of the programmes.

• Instability of the research institutes due to their constant movement among ministries and poor funding.

• Unnecessary political interference and managerial problems, resulting from socioeconomic cleavages, which permeated the nation’s sociopolitical, economic, and cultural institutions.

• Lack of qualified manpower to provide effective leadership for the various programs.

• Lack of continuity and shifts in approach by successive governments.

• Poor funding and lack of institutional arrangements for implementation.

• Lack of funds and commitment limiting the extent of infrastructural provision in the rural areas.

• Government infrastructural programmes embarked upon without effective planning or institutional arrangements for their execution and continuity.

Generally, structures are in place set up in a manner to get results, but that implementation is slow and lacks a focus to drive it along.