According to Medevedev, a civilization of human descendants, who were changed to the degree when they no longer can be considered humans. A posthuman civilization would probably possess advanced computational technologies, nanotechnology, strong AI technologies and many others. This source is useful because it shows some of the common assumptions surrounding the issue of future computing as if it is inevitable. This argument appeals to familiar notions of primitive versus advanced culture ie. cargo cult.

According to Medevedev, A computer program models in some form the intelligence and/or consciousness of one or several people, as well as a physical environment that they can interact with. Realistic simulations model the environment similar to the real world. This assessment describes a critical feature of the hypothesis; a simulation can be created in such a way that it can be indistinguishable from reality.