We describe 99 (experimental and certain quasi-experimental) U.S.-based

trials, reported or published since 1988, of behavioral and social interventions that

measured prespecified behavioral and biologic outcomes and aimed to reduce risk for

HIV infection. Studies identified through June 1998 by the HIV/AIDS Prevention

Research Synthesis project were grouped into 4 risk behavior areas: drug-related (k

[number of studies]

48), heterosexual youth (k 24), heterosexual adult (k 17),

and same-sex (k

10). We compared the studies in the 4 areas by variables key to the

development, evaluation, and transfer of interventions. Participants comprised injection

drug users (43% of studies), drug users out of treatment (29%), African Americans

(18%), clinic patients (18%), youth in schools (10%), and drug users in treatment

(10%). Most studies were randomized (85%), provided another intervention to the

control or comparison groups (71%), and evaluated behavioral interventions (92%).

On average, interventions were conducted in 5 sessions (total, 8 hours) during 3

months. The theoretical basis of the intervention was not noted in 57% of the reports.

At least one variable from each of the 3 outcome classifications was measured in 8%

of the studies: behavioral, biologic, and psychosocial. Distinct profiles exist for the 4

risk areas. Addressing gaps in research and reporting would be helpful for analytical

and program activities. This sizable portfolio of evaluated interventions contributes to

effectiveness reviews and to considerations of transfer to program practice.

Key

Words:

HIV intervention—HIV/AIDS prevention—Sex risk behaviors—Drug risk

behaviors—Behavior change.