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Abstract
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Over the past 25 years, scores of behavioral
interventions to reduce HIV-related sexual risk behavior
have been developed and evaluated. The purpose of the
current study was to synthesize what is known about such
interventions by systematically reviewing and synthesizing
extant meta-analyses of the literature. Comprehensive
search procedures resulted in a set of 18 meta-analyses that
targeted HIV-related sexual risk behavior in a defined
target population. The median meta-analysis in the review
contained
k = 19 primary studies with a cumulative
N
= 9,423 participants. All meta-analyses (11/11) that
examined condom use found a statistically significant
increase (median effect: OR = 1.34); 9/11 for reducing
unprotected sex (median effect: OR = .76); 3/8 for reducing
numbers of sexual partners (median effect: OR = .87);
4/6 for reduction of STDs (median effect: OR = .74); and
5/5 for reducing composite sexual risk (median effect:
OR = .78). Summaries of moderator analyses suggested
particular participant, intervention, and methodological
characteristics that may influence the success of interventions.
Implications include achieving a broader
understanding of intervention moderators as well as
increasing effectiveness trials and translation/dissemination
of efficacious interventions to those populations most at
risk.