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Huw Price Πρωταγωνιστής1 #115276

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The Arrow of Time »The Arrow of Time The Arrow of Time ☜A map exploring some issues concerning the nature of time that lie at the boundary of physics and philosophy. The map follows up a talk to the Blackheath Philosophy Forum on 2 April 2011 by Huw Price, Professor of Philosophy and director of the Center for Time at Sydney University.☜F1CEB7

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Protagonists »ProtagonistsProtagonists☜A number of philosophers and scientists are cited in this map, and separate nodes for each are appended. When you click on one of these nodes cross-links are displayed connecting to other nodes anywhere in the map where the person is cited. Follow the links to explore further.☜D3B8AB

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Philosophers »PhilosophersPhilosophers☜☜D3B8AB

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Huw PriceHuw Price☜☜D3B8AB

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The experience of time »The experience of timeThe experience of time☜This branch of the map considers the phenomenology of time - the various ways in which time presents itself directly to our consciousness. Why do we think time has the features indicated by the passage view? The answers will hopefully enable us to connect the phenomenological to the physical.☜FFFACD

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Why do we see an entropy gradient? »Why do we see an entropy gradient?Why do we see an entropy gradient?☜We find ourselves in an observable universe in which entropy increases consistently in one direction, thereby showing time asymmetry - an arrow of time. Yet the vast majority of underlying dynamical processes are time-symmetric. How to account for this? Two broad approaches are considered here.☜FFFACD

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Bolztmann's H-theorem »Bolztmann's H-theoremBolztmann's H-theorem☜In his H-theorem Boltzmann tried to formally prove that inter-molecular collisions drive gases toward equilibrium, confirming the Second Law (for gases at least). In this approach, he aimed show that it is not just overwhelmingly probable but an exceptionless law like conservation of energy.☜FFFACD

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Assumption of molecular chaos »Assumption of molecular chaosAssumption of molecular chaos☜The H-theorem is invalidated by its reliance on a time-asymmetric assumption: the Stosszahlansatz (assumption of molecular chaos). This is the assumption that probabilities of velocities of colliding particles are independent.☜FFFACD

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Neutral Kaon exception »Neutral Kaon exceptionNeutral Kaon exception☜The behavior of a particle called the neutral Kaon provides an exception to the generalization that physical processes are time-symmetric AND this asymmetry may account for the time-asymmetry expressed by the Second Law of Thermodynamics.☜FFFACD

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Anti-matter objection »Anti-matter objectionAnti-matter objection☜If the time-asymmetry of thermodynamics were associated with the symmetry violation of the neutral K meson (neutral Kaon) then anti-matter would show the reverse of the normal thermodynamic asymmetry AND no such anti-matter reversal is apparent.☜FFFACD

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Past hypothesis »Past hypothesisPast hypothesis☜We inhabit a universe - or part thereof - characterized by a low-entropy past that has enabled the evolution of intelligent observers to occur. This together with Boltzmanns probabilistic argument (see sibling node) implies entropy will increase over time toward thermal equilibrium.☜FFFACD

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Ontological cost »Ontological costOntological cost☜Huw Price notes that anthropic reasoning that appeals to some form of multiverse cosmology requires us to posit that much more exists than we are ordinarily aware of - that it has a huge ontological cost - and that we should therefore look for less costly explanations.☜FFFACD

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Boltzmann-Schuetz hypothesis »Boltzmann-Schuetz hypothesisBoltzmann-Schuetz hypothesis☜Boltzmann and Schuetz claimed that in a universe that is near thermal equilibrium, and given sufficient time, there will be regions where there is a temporary deviation into a low entropy state, from which it will trend back to equilibrium. Anthropic selection accounts for us being in such a region.☜FFFACD

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Προστέθηκε από:- Peter Baldwin
NodeID: #115276
Node type: Protagonist
Ημερ/νία δημιουργίας(GMT): 8/12/2011 6:33:00 AM
Ημερ/νία τελευτ. επεξεργασίας(GMT time): 8/12/2011 6:33:00 AM
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