Updated Boltzmann-Schuetz
There have been some recent attempts to combine the basic Boltzmann-Schuetz idea with modern cosmology - especially theories that envisage a multiverse. This overcomes a key defect of Boltzmann-Schuetz - the fact that our observable universe is not old or large enough to provide the fluctuations.
In the paper cited below Milan Cirkovic argues that the multiverse provides a 'grand stage' in which the required low-entropy initial conditions can be expected to occur in at least some cases. The paper by Aguirre, Carroll et al takes a somewhat different tack by focusing on the occurrence of fluctations in de Sitter space - the state of near vacuum in the distant future, a phenomenon essential to Carroll's account which envisages 'baby universes' arising with conditions suitable for cosmological inflation out of such space.

The image below is taken from the article cited below from the CERN Courier. The caption reads: "A self-reproducing universe. This computer-generated simulation shows exponentially large domains, each with different laws of physics (associated with different colours). Peaks are new 'Big Bangs', with heights corresponding to the energy density" (simulations by Andrei and Dimitri Linde).


Immediately related elementsHow this works
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The Arrow of Time  »The Arrow of Time 
The physics of time »The physics of time
The thermodynamic arrow »The thermodynamic arrow
Why do we see an entropy gradient? »Why do we see an entropy gradient?
Asymmetric boundary condition »Asymmetric boundary condition
Past hypothesis »Past hypothesis
Why low entropy in the past? »Why low entropy in the past?
Anthropic selection »Anthropic selection
Low entropy generators »Low entropy generators
Source of low-entropy states »Source of low-entropy states
Updated Boltzmann-Schuetz
Boltzmann-Schuetz hypothesis »Boltzmann-Schuetz hypothesis
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