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Accelerator Types Who1 #722818

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The Infinite Passport Glossary »The Infinite Passport GlossaryThe Infinite Passport Glossary☜Translated from the Passeport pour les deux infinis, IN2P3/Dunod, https://pass2i.ijclab.in2p3.fr/ (French); updated with ICHEP2024 conference (https://ichep2024.org) for IPPOG☜F1CEB7

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From Beams to Measurements »From Beams to MeasurementsFrom Beams to Measurements☜Scientists from institutes all over the world form experimental collaborations to build large and complex experiments and analyse the myriad of particles produced by collisions in the accelerator. ☜FFB597

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Particle Accelerators »Particle AcceleratorsParticle Accelerators☜A machine used to provide energy to charged particles (electrons, protons, ions, etc.). Electric fields accelerate the particles while magnetic fields steer and focus them. The higher the targeted energies, the bigger the accelerator – its length can reach several kilometers, even tens of kilometers today.☜9FDDBE

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Accelerator TypesAccelerator Types☜☜D3ABAB

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Collider »ColliderCollider☜Accelerator in which two counter-rotating beams are accelerated and forced to collide at the centre of detectors that was specifically designed for observing these events. Only a few particles collide; the rest continues its way to later collisions. One benefit of colliders is that the energy available during collisions corresponds to the sum of the beams energies. That information is used in data analysis to look for events where new particles would be created.☜5CA4D9

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Fixed Target »Fixed TargetFixed Target☜In an fixed target experiment, a beam of accelerated particles is projected on a fixed piece of matter, usually a metal plate. Collisions then occur between some particles and atoms of the target. While the beam-fixed target collisions are easier to produce than beam-beam collisions, there are two main drawbacks to the fixed target experiment: first, the particles can be used only once; second, only a small part of the energy provided by the beam is effectively used to create new particles. ☜5CA4D9

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Heavy Ion »Heavy IonHeavy Ion☜Ions are electrically charged chemical element, generally produced by the addition or removal of electrons from an atom or a neutral molecule. In particle physics, the term heavy ions is used to refer to atomic nuclei of heavy elements, such as lead, that are deprived of all their electrons and used a beams in colliders or for medical applications.☜5CA4D9

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LHC »LHCLHC☜The Large Hadron Collider, the world’s largest particle accelerator, started up at CERN in 2008 and will provide collisions until 2042. Proton beams are shaped and accelerated in a linear accelerator (Linac 4) and two synchrotrons (PS and SPS) before being injected into the LHC, a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the particles along the way. ☜5CA4D9

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Linear Accelerator »Linear AcceleratorLinear Accelerator☜A linear particle accelerator (often shortened to linac) accelerates charged subatomic particles or ions to a high speed by subjecting them to a series of oscillating electric potentials along a linear beamline. Linacs have many applications: they generate X-rays and high energy electrons for medicinal purposes in radiation therapy, serve as particle injectors for higher-energy accelerators, and are used directly for particle physics. ☜5CA4D9

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Synchrotron »SynchrotronSynchrotron☜A particle accelerator in which a magnetic field bends the trajectories of the particles, and increases with their energy. This technique allows to keep beams on circular orbits through the whole acceleration process. ☜5CA4D9

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Entered by:- Claire Adam
NodeID: #722818
Node type: Who
Entry date (GMT): 8/6/2024 4:04:00 PM
Last edit date (GMT): 8/8/2024 10:46:00 AM
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