III. Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

The Conference re-affirms that the Treaty fosters the development of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy by providing a framework of confidence and cooperation within which those uses can take place. The Conference calls upon States parties to act in conformity with all the provisions of the Treaty and to:

> Action 47: respect each country's choices and decisions in the field of peaceful uses of nuclear energy without jeopardizing its policies or international cooperation agreements and arrangements for peaceful uses of nuclear energy and its fuel-cycle policies;

> Action 48: undertake to facilitate, and reaffirm the right of States parties to participate in, the fullest possible exchange of equipment, materials and scientific and technological information for the peaceful uses of nuclear energy;

> Action 49: cooperate with other States parties or international organisations in the further development of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, with due consideration for the needs of the developing areas of the world;

> Action 50: give preferential treatment to the non-nuclear weapons States parties to the Treaty, taking the needs of developing countries, in particular, into account;

> Action 51: facilitate transfers of nuclear technology and international cooperation among States parties in conformity with articles I, II, III, and IV of the Treaty, and eliminate in this regard any undue constraints inconsistent with the Treaty;

> Action 52: continue efforts, in the IAEA, to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the IAEA's technical cooperation programme;

> Action 53: strengthen the IAEA technical cooperation programme in assisting ' developing States parties in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy;

> Action 54: make every effort and to take practical steps to ensure that the IAEA's resources for technical cooperation activities are sufficient, assured and predictable;

> Action 55: encourage all States in a position to do so to make additional contributions to the initiative designed to raise 100 million dollars over the next five years as extra-budgetary contributions to IAEA activities, while welcoming the contributions already pledged by countries and groups of countries in support of IAEA activities;

> Action 56: encourage national, bilateral and international efforts to train the necessary skilled workforce needed to develop peaceful uses of nuclear energy;

> Action 57: ensure that, when developing nuclear energy, including nuclear power, the use of nuclear energy must be accompanied by commitments to and ongoing implementation of safeguards as well as appropriate and effective levels of safety and security, consistent with States' national legislation and respective international obligations;

> Action 58: continue' to discuss further, in a non-discriminatory and transparent manner under the auspices of IAEA or regional fora, the development of multilateral approaches to the nuclear fuel cycle, including the possibilities to create mechanisms for assurance of nuclear fuel supply, as well as possible schemes dealing with the back-end of the fuel cycle without affecting rights under the Treaty and without prejudice to national fuel cycle policies, while tackling the technical, legal and economic complexities surrounding these issues, including in this regard the requirement of IAEA full scope safeguards;

> Action 59: consider to become party, if not yet have done so, to the Convention on Nuclear Safety, the Convention on the Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident and the Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency, the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management, International Convention on the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism, the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (CPPNM), and to ratify its amendment so that it may enter into force at an early date;

> Action 60: promote the sharing of best practices in the area of nuclear safety and security, including through dialogue with the nuclear industry and the private sector, as appropriate;

> Action 61: encourage States concerned, on a voluntary basis, to further minimize highly enriched uranium in civilian stocks and use, where technically and economically feasible;

> Action 62: transport radioactive materials consistent with relevant international standards of safety, security and environmental protection, and to continue communication between shipping and coastal states for the purpose of confidence building and addressing concerns regarding transport safety, security and emergency preparedness;

> Action 63: put in force a civil nuclear liability regime by becoming' party to relevant international instruments or adopting suitable national legislation, based upon the principles established by the main pertinent international instruments.

> Action 64: The Conference calls upon all states to abide by the decision adopted by consensus at the IAEA General Conference on 18 September 2009 on "Prohibition. of armed attack or threat of attack against nuclear installations, during operation or under construction".