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John Lucas
Protagonist
1
#2778
Arguments advanced by John Lucas.
CONTEXT
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Artificial Intelligence »
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial IntelligenceâA collaboratively editable version of Robert Horns brilliant and pioneering debate map Can Computers Think?âexploring 50 years of philosophical argument about the possibility of computer thought.âF1CEB7
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Protagonists »
Protagonists
ProtagonistsâThe contributions of over 300 protagonists can be explored via a surname search, or using the growing list developing here.âD3B8AB
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John Lucas
John LucasâArguments advanced by John Lucas.âD3B8AB
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Consciousness requires a point of view »
Consciousness requires a point of view
Consciousness requires a point of viewâA conscious machine could be built but only if built with a point of viewâevidenced by: homeostatic behaviour; holistic assessment of context and context dependent responses; and ascribing consciousness to it provided offered some explanatory power.âFFFACD
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Gödel shows machines can't be fully conscious »
Gödel shows machines can't be fully conscious
Gödel shows machines can't be fully consciousâA machine needs a consciousness-producing partâeg a Gödelizing operatorâto understand its own Gödel sentence. Hence, machines can have partial consciousness at best; unlike humans, who dont need a special part to reflect on themselves.âFFFACD
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Gödel sentences sufficiently self-referential »
Gödel sentences sufficiently self-referential
Gödel sentences sufficiently self-referentialâGödel sentences by themselves arent self-referential, but recognising their truth requires us to see them as self-referential. Machines lack this ability to see Gödel sentences as self-referentialâso cant recognise the truth of Gödel sentences.âFFFACD
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Machines aren't self-critical »
Machines aren't self-critical
Machines aren't self-criticalâConsciousness should be construed in terms of the ability for self-critical thinkingâwhich requires a concept of truth. Because machines lack an adequate concept of truth, as Webb admits, they cant think critically in the way the humans can.âFFFACD
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Lucas claims less than Wang's dilemma suggests »
Lucas claims less than Wang's dilemma suggests
Lucas claims less than Wang's dilemma suggestsâOnly those machines we know to be consistent are adequate candidates for models of the mindâand we can often tell this. Mechanists dont need to know the consistency of all machines, just that the ones presented to the mentalist are consistent.âFFFACD
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Good misunderstands the game »
Good misunderstands the game
Good misunderstands the gameâThe games played with the machines designer not the machineâand is about what the mechanist, not the machine, can do. It shows that for any given mechanist machine, the mentalistâwho knows Gödelâs theoremâcan show that hes not that machine.âFFFACD
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We don't need the entire Lucas arithmetic »
We don't need the entire Lucas arithmetic
We don't need the entire Lucas arithmeticâA mentalist doesnt have to produce all of the Lucas arithmetic. Its sufficient that he produce enough of the Lucas arithmetic to answer the mechanist at a given step of the game.âFFFACD
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No: computers are limited by Gödel's theorems »
No: computers are limited by Gödel's theorems
No: computers are limited by Gödel's theoremsâGödels theorem proves that a computer cant in principle operate with human understanding (see detailed text). Gödels incompleteness theorems are the Achilles heel of mechanism. John Lucas (1961).âFFFACD
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Un-Gödelizable machine wouldn't be a machine »
Un-Gödelizable machine wouldn't be a machine
Un-Gödelizable machine wouldn't be a machineâMachines behave in a determinate manner according to definite rules. But any such determinate machine is susceptible to the Gödelization procedure because its behaviour can be formalised. Any machine that cant be Gödelized isnt really a machine.âFFFACD
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A dilemma about inductive machines »
A dilemma about inductive machines
A dilemma about inductive machinesâSeeking to avoid the Gödelization problem by making inductive machines results in a dilemma (see detailed text). An inductive machine isnt an adequate model of the mind.âFFFACD
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Machine isn't capable of informal proof »
Machine isn't capable of informal proof
Machine isn't capable of informal proofâA machine isnt capable of informal proof in the human sense. No matter how informal a machines reasoning may appear to be, it will still be grounded in a formal system; so its informal proofs also formalisable, and subject to the Gödel procedure.âFFFACD
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A self-Gödelizing machine can still be out-Gödeled »
A self-Gödelizing machine can still be out-Gödeled
A self-Gödelizing machine can still be out-GödeledâThe Gödelizing operatorâto be programmableâmust be specified by some finite rule. But in that case, the Gödelizing operator is itself formalisable. The resulting system can be shown to contain a formula thats true but cant be proven in the system.âFFFACD
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A single person's understanding of Gödel is enough »
A single person's understanding of Gödel is enough
A single person's understanding of Gödel is enoughâThe power of reasoning demonstrated by a single person who understands Gödel theorem is sufficient to show that minds are different from machines.âFFFACD
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Benacerrafâs argument is inconsistent »
Benacerrafâs argument is inconsistent
Benacerrafâs argument is inconsistentâBenacerraf cant consistently claim that no particular program represents me and at the same time that some program represents me.âFFFACD
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Lucas sure that he isn't a machine »
Lucas sure that he isn't a machine
Lucas sure that he isn't a machineâThe arguments mistakenly cast as a nondialectical proof sequence, giving an incorrect conclusion that the man is machine but cant tell which machine he isâthe only way I can be sure of not being any particular machine is by not being one at all.âFFFACD
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There are overriding reasons to regard minds as consistent »
There are overriding reasons to regard minds as consistent
There are overriding reasons to regard minds as consistentâHuttons argument for the inconsistency of mind is flawed (see detailed text).âFFFACD
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An inconsistent machine can't model the mind »
An inconsistent machine can't model the mind
An inconsistent machine can't model the mindâAlthough its true Gödelâs theorem doesnt apply to inconsistent machines, this matters not as inconsistent machines cant model the mind. Human minds are geared for consistencyâthey seek it and use it as a norm for judging which beliefs to accept.âFFFACD
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The mechanist's dilemma »
The mechanist's dilemma
The mechanist's dilemmaâThe Lucas argument can be restated as a dilemma about consistency (see detailed text).âFFFACD
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John Lucas »
John Lucas
John LucasâArguments advanced by John Lucas.âFFFACD
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Entered by:-
David Price
NodeID:
#2778
Node type:
Protagonist
Entry date (GMT):
7/20/2007 6:12:00 PM
Last edit date (GMT):
7/20/2007 6:12:00 PM
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