*For influenza, who should public health officials target first for vaccinations? What is the best way to choose strains for the annual influenza vaccine? Why does influenza persist after pandemics, which immunize a large fraction of the host population? 

* For malaria, how do current control and treatment methods affect pathogen evolution? What strategies are likely to be most effective at eliminating malaria from a given region? 

* For HIV, what is the current shape of the epidemic curve in different regions of the world? What strategies are likely to be effective at getting and keeping the epidemic under control? 

* For dengue, what is the current pattern of incidence in endemic areas? How do we expect this pattern to change as global climate changes? What strategies could minimize the impact of dengue if it spreads to larger regions? 

* For West Nile Virus, what is the current annual pattern of incidence? What is the connection between host genetics and susceptibility to serious disease? How can the impact of WNV be minimized?