Dreyfus issues a testable challenge
Faced with "Mary saw a dog in the window. She wanted it" AI systems struggle to know whether "it" refers to the dog or window. Identifying what pronouns refer to in such sentences is the next problem logic-based AI should try to solve.
Hubert Dreyfus (1996).
Interpreting the sentence requires bodily know-how and emphatic imagination. John McCarthy says this problem is "
within the capacity of some current parsers" (1996, p.190).
Note: The example "Mary saw a dog in the window. She wanted it," comes from Doug Lenat (quoted in Dreyfus, 1992 pp. xix-xx).