Non-symbolic explanation of smelling
Rabbits discriminate odors by a process of chaotic self-organizing activity at the level of neural tissue. Symbols and symbol structure don't explain this process as well as the mathematics of nonlinear dynamics and chaos does.
Christine A. Skarda and Walter J. Freeman, 1987.
Note: Skarda and Freeman use similar reasoning to dispute the "Rule-Following Assumption" Box 46 (because neurons don't follow rules) and the central aspects of "The Brain Has a Von Neumann Architecture" Box 12 (because neural activity is self-organizing). They also argue against representation in general, with its assumption of the existence of plans, goals, scripts and so forth.