2. Focus on one element of the Toulmin model at a time.

No unique Debategraph instructions for this step.

The order of elements that you analyze is important. You can waste a significant amount time randomly selecting elements to analyze. You also risk mislabeling sentences. I suggest the following order of elements when analyzing any argument


Order

Why

Claim

       

    1. Identifying claims is comparatively easier than identifying other elements because claims are often (but not always) explicitly included in the text of arguments.
    2.  

       

    3. Identifying claims precedes identifying data because identifying claims is the most important skill a student of argument ought to develop.

Data

     

  1. Identifying data is relatively easier than identifying other elements because data is often (but not always) a product of research provided by the author.
  2.  

     

  3. Identifying data precedes identifying warrants because data is often (but not always) explicitly included in the text of an argument.

Warrant

     

  1. Warrants are relatively more difficult to identify than many other core elements because warrants are often (but not always) implied by the author of an argument.
  2.  

     

  3. Identifying warrants precedes identifying backing because it is one of the three core elements of any argument, whereas backing is an optional element that may not be a part of an argument.

Backing

     

  1. Identifying backing is relatively easier than finding the other optional elements of the Toulmin model because backing is often (but not always) a product of research provided by the author.
  2.  

     

  3. At this point in the analysis, analyzing the rebuttal may precede the backing if the analyst so chooses.

Rebuttal

     

  1. Identifying the rebuttal is relatively more difficult because a rebuttal might be written with a good deal of rhetorical flair.

Qualifier

     

  1. Identifying the qualifier might happen immediately after identifying the claim because the qualifier often is found within the claim.
RELATED ARTICLESExplain
Composing Arguments Illustrations
Fundamentals of Arguments
Modeling arguments.
Video game example.
2. Focus on one element of the Toulmin model at a time.
1. Take stock of the sentences that constitute the argument.
3. Compare two sentences from the argument in question.
4. Select the next sentence and repeat steps 3 and 4.
5. Label the sentence with the appropriate Toulmin model element.
6. Move to next Toulmin element and repeat steps 3-6.
7. Label remaining sentences with appropriate optional elements.
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