Advocates bottom up approach to security

Emphasis is on local and community level ownership and participation, gender equality

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Themes & Theories in International Relations
6. A silenced majority?
D. Human security
Advocates bottom up approach to security
Concept connects peace, security & development at local & global level
Developed in 1990s through key UN reports & governments
Embraces cosmopolitan principles, esp. human rights & governance
Insists state serves the people from which it should draw legitimacy
Much broader conception of security
Security based on needs of people & communities not states
Strong connections with Critical Security Studies & feminism
Summarised as “Freedom from want, freedom from fear"
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