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Positivism
Positivism = philosophical theory of social scientific method
RELATED ARTICLES
Explain
⌅
Themes & Theories in International Relations
Themes & Theories in International Relations☜☜F1CEB7
⌃
1. Theory & theorising
1. Theory & theorising☜☜FFB597
⌃
D. Philosophy of knowledge
D. Philosophy of knowledge☜☜FFB597
■
Positivism
Positivism☜Positivism = philosophical theory of social scientific method☜FFB597
↳
Empirical realism
Empirical realism☜There exists an independent external reality, both natural and social, that is essentially observable, measurable and describable = defined in sociology as realism (not to be confused with the theory of political realism in IR theory). ☜FFB597
↳
Foundationalism
Foundationalism☜There exists an independent and objective foundation for judging between rival theories and their associated statements about what is true and what is not.☜FFB597
↳
Naturalism
Naturalism☜Assumptions &methods used to study natural sciences can be transferred to study of social world = unproblematically employ quantitative and objective observation of the world to discover empirical regularities and universal causal laws to describe and explain behaviour. ☜FFB597
↳
Separation of facts and values
Separation of facts and values☜Scientific knowledge = value-free because the way it is generated and defined means that it is unaffected by the value commitments of social scientists. Such knowledge constitutes facts. Facts = embodiment of authoritative scientific knowledge, empirically verifiable & no bias or prejudice.☜FFB597
↳
Separation of object and subject
Separation of object and subject☜There is considered to be a strict separation between observations and theories and subject and object such that no matter what theoretical concepts are held by the researcher, observations will be theoretically neutral.☜FFB597
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Truth by correspondence
Truth by correspondence☜Given the existence of an independent reality and the capacity for objective observation and measurement, knowledge generated by such observation is intrinsically truthful since it corresponds directly to the observable, external world.☜FFB597
↳
Universalism
Universalism☜Universal scientific laws can be discovered for the social world based on discovering a consistent relationship between regularities observed over a time and space☜FFB597
⇤
D. Philosophy of knowledge
D. Philosophy of knowledge☜☜FFFACD
□
'...ologies'
'...ologies'☜☜FFB597
□
Explanation
Explanation☜☜FFB597
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Post-positivism/post-naturalism
Post-positivism/post-naturalism☜Emerged in the 1980s and challenged the ontological, epistemological and methodological basis of traditional theory based on positivism☜FFB597
□
Understanding
Understanding☜☜FFB597
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Graph of this discussion
Graph of this discussion☜Click this to see the whole debate, excluding comments, in graphical form☜dcdcdc
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Entered by:-
Nick Ritchie
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Entry date (GMT):
1/6/2012 2:57:00 PM
Last edit date (GMT):
1/16/2012 12:38:00 PM
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